Project:Transgender Intersex & Gender-Diverse: An Encyclopedia, Pp

P., Alexandra “Karen M. Larsens interview den 8. april 2009 med Alexandra P. om at være kristen og transseksuel.” (8 Aprill 2009). Vidensbanken om kønsidentitet. P., Tonny packing See phallic packing. padding “padding” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 173. [Defines ‘padding’ as “undergarments which contain foam, used by transgendered people, allowing the body to appear more masculine or feminiine.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 PAF See abdominal phalloplasty. paint, to “paint” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 173. [Defines ‘paint’ as “to apply make-up. Drag queen slang.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 Pakistan … crossdressing in … female-to-male crossdressing in … male-to-female crossdressing in Farooq, Quratulain. “Eroticism and Mysteries of Cross-Dressing: Increasing Trends of Male to Female Cross-Dressing in Pakistani Society” (March 2020). European Scientific Journal. Vol. 16, No. 8. DOI: 10.19044/esj.2020.v16n8p90 … intersex people in … trans people in paksu mudang See baksu mudang. pa’nā-ro bôbum pi … among the Patwin (Patween, Southern Wintu) … among the Hill Patwin Kroeber, A. L. “The Patwin and Their Neighbors” (27 February 1932). University of California Publications in Archaeology and Ethnology. Vol. 29, No. 4. pp. 253-423. [On page 293, it is noted that “[o]f a berdache it would be said pa’nā-ro bôbum pi, he has two (sexes)”.] Google Books: SvMitwAACAAJ, lLUjqAAACAAJ pangender as a term pangendering. “Pangender and Panflux?” (26 September 2014). Tumblr. Cari Rez Lobo. “Pangender” (28 January 2015). Gender Wiki. Niki Skylark. “Pangender” (24 May 2017). Nonbinary Wiki. Immi Thrax. “Pangender” (4 February 2022). LGBTQIA+ Wiki. “Pangender - What is it? What does it mean?” (19 December 2022). Taimi wiki. … used to refer to something which includes, or is inclusive of, individuals of all genders … used to refer to a gender identity with a countless number of separate, fluid identities … used to refer to a gender identity which is said to encompass all available gender identities simultaneously See also: maxigender as a term; omnigender as a term. Cloudcuckoolander. “pangender” (26 April 2014). Wiktionary. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. bigendering. “Reminder about pangender” (30 May 2017). Tumblr. Burke, Collyn. “What it means to be pangender” (11 November 2019). Daily Dot. Updated 19 May 2021. Mejia, Naydeline. “What Does It Mean To Be Pangender? Experts Explain The Gender Identity” (25 July 2022). Women’s Health. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Caraballo Piñeiro, Sophia Melissa and Emma Glassman-Hughes. “What Does It Mean to Be Pangender? Here’s What You Should Know” (29 September 2022). Cosmopolitan. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. pangender people Wilson, Lynn. The Flock (7 February 2017). Random House Publishing Group. p. xi. [In the book’s preface Wilson states “[s]ome gender-nonconforming individuals call themselves androgynes, pan-gender, or non-binary. They report that their experience is neither that of always-male nor that of always-female.”] Google Books: rt-kDQAAQBAJ ISBN-10: 1101969180 ISBN-13: 9781101969182 pangender flags The Tumblr user pangendering (Cari Rez Lobo) designed the first pangender flags on 28 January 2015. An alternate pangender flag design was put forth by Reddit user helpme0519 on 28 September 2020. Pangender Pride Day panic defense, LGBTQ Woods, Jordan Blair, Brad Sears, and Christy Mallory. Model Legislation for Eliminating the Gay and Trans Panic Defenses (September 2016). The Williams Institute. Holden, Alexandra. “The Gay/Trans Panic Defense: What It is, and How to End It” (31 March 2020). American Bar Association. American Bar Association. Mallory, Christy, Brad Sears, and Luis A. Vasquez. Banning the Use of Gay and Trans Panic Defenses (April 2021). Williams Institute. Yurcaba, Jo. “Virginia becomes 12th state to ban gay/trans panic defense” (2 April 2021). NBC News. NBC Universal. Haug, Oliver. “Maryland Becomes 15th State to Ban Anti-LGBTQ+ ‘Panic’ Defense” (14 April 2021). them. Condé Nast. VanderHart, Dirk. “Oregon lawmakers vote to ban ‘LGBTQ panic defense’ by accused murderers” (13 May 2021). Oregon Public Broadcasting. Oregon Public Broadcasting. Brown, Sadie. “‘The Great State of Hate’: Texas Declines to Ban ‘Gay/Trans Panic’ Defense” (18 June 2021). The Texas Observer. The Texas Observer. … trans Lee, Cynthia. “The Trans Panic Defense: Masculinity, Heteronormativity, and the Murder of Transgender Women” (December 2014). Hastings Law Journal. Vol. 66, No. 1. Art. 2. pp. 77-132. Lee, Cynthia. “The Trans Panic Defense Revisited” (2020). American Criminal Law Review. Vol. 57. pp. 1411-97. Villarreal, Daniel. “Virginia Is First Southern State to Ban ‘Trans Panic’ Defense for Murder, Assault” (2 April 2021). Newsweek. Newsweek Digital LLC. panty doll “panty doll” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 174. [Defines ‘panty doll’ as “a transvestite who finds wearing female underwear to be especially cathartic.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 panty training “panty training” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 174. [Defines ‘panty training’ as “a form of forced feminization when a top ‘forces’ a bottom to wear female underwear and lingerie in order to cross-dress and humiliate him. Petticoat training or petticoating is a form of panty-training using ruffled slips.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 Papillon Transgendered Support Papua New Guinea … intersex people in … trans people in … trans men in … trans women in Willie, Barne, Avi J. Hakim, Steven G. Badman, Damian Weikum, Rebecca Narokobi, Kelsey Coy, Josephine Gabuzzi, Simon Pekon, Samson Gene, Angelyn Amos, Martha Kupul, Parker Hou, Nick M. Dala, David M. Whiley, Johanna Wapling, John M. Kaldor, Andrew J. Vallely, and Angela Kelly-Hanku. “High prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and transgender women in Papua New Guinea” (2021). Tropical Medicine and Health. Vol. 49, No. 1. Art. 4. Received 19 August 2020. Accepted 22 December 2020. Published online 13 January 2021. DOI: 10.1186/s41182-020-00293-w PMCID: PMC7805114 PMID: 33441184 … nonbinary people in paraculturalist See paraculture. paraculture Annie. “Annotated Glossary of Terms” (24 October 2000). [Defines ‘paraculture’ as “[s]ometimes used to denote the Transgender Community, as a euphemism for the term ‘subculture’.”] parents … of intersex people … of trans people Stoller, Robert J. “Fathers of Transsexual Children” (August 1979). Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association. Vol. 27, No. 4. pp. 837-66. DOI: 10.1177/000306517902700405 PMID: 521600 “How parents can support a child who comes out as trans – by conquering their own fears, following their child’s lead and tolerating ambiguity” (20 April 2021). The Conversation. The Conversation US, Inc. Yurcaba, Jo. “‘It’s not safe’: Parents of transgender kids plan to flee their states as GOP bills loom” (19 April 2021). NBC News. NBC Universal. … of trans men … of trans women Freund, Kurt, Ron Langevin, Yaroslaw Zajac, Betty Steiner, and Andrew Zajac. “Parent-Child Relations in Transsexual and Non-transsexual Homosexual Males” (January 1974). British Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 124, No. 578. pp. 22-3. Published online 29 January 2018. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.124.1.022 PMID: 4822411 … of nonbinary people Paresis Hall So-called “fairy resort” located at 392 Bowery (modern-day 32 Cooper Square), Manhattan, New York, United States. See also: Cercle Hermaphroditos, The Slide, and Werther, Ralph. “Paresis Hall” (10 June 1889). International Record of Medicine and General Practice Clinics. Vol. 69. p. 823. “Paresis Hall” (10 June 1899). New York Medical Journal. Vol. 69. p. 823. Report of the Special Committee of the Assembly Appointed to Investigate the Public Offices and Departments of the City of New York and the Counties Therein Included (1900). Vol. 1. James B. Lyon. pp. 174-6, 277-8, 280. [On page 174, it is noted that “the men that go there [Paresis Hall] are noted characters and are known by women’s names.”] Google Books: 6m00AQAAMAAJ Report of the Special Committee of the Assembly Appointed to Investigate the Public Offices and Departments of the City of New York and the Counties Therein Included (1900). Vol. 2. James B. Lyon. pp. 1395, 1429-35. [On page 1429, Joel S. Harris recalls that “[t]hese men that conduct themselves there [in Paresis Hall]—well, they act effeminately; most of them are painted and powdered; they are called Princess this and Lady So and So and the Dutchess of Marlboro, and get up and sing as women, and dance; ape the female character; call each other sisters and take people out for immoral purposes.”] Google Books: ZdtEAAAAYAAJ “Fools Make Mock at Sin” (4 April 1901). Christian Advocate. Vol. 76, No. 14. p. 539. “Fools Make a Mock of Sin” (13 April 1901). JAMA. Vol. 36, No. 15. p. 1048. Werther, Ralph. The Female-Impersonators (1922). Edited by Alfred W. Herzog. The Medico-Legal Journal. pp. 145-164, 183. Asbury, Herbert. The Gangs of New York: An Informal History of the Underworld (1927). Garden City Publishing Company. OCLC: 8903814 Asbury, Herbert. The Gangs of New York: An Informal History of the Underworld (1990). 7th Ed. Thunder’s Mouth Press. Google Books: gPcsq2qHvkUC ISBN-10: 1560252758 ISBN-13: 9781560252757 Jeffreys, Joe E. “Paresis Hall” (2006). Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work. Edited by Melissa Hope Ditmore. Vol. 2. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 343-4. Asbury, Herbert. The Gangs of New York: An Informal History of the Underworld (2008). Vintage Books. pp. 50, 251. Google Books: ceY_ISKGRIsC ISBN-10: 0307388980 ISBN-13: 9780307388988 Parkhurst, Charles Darkey “Charley” (1812 – 18 December 1879) “A Strange Story: Charley Parkhurst, the Noted Stage Driver, Discovered to be a Woman” (14 January 1880). The Rochester Evening Express. Vol. 22, No. 11. p. 1. “Charley Parkhurst: A Story of a Californian Who Won a World-Wide Renown” (21 February 1880). The Middletown Transcript. Vol. 13, No. 8. p. 1. “‘Charley’ Parkhurst: A Woman Who Passed As A Man For A Quarter Of A Century” (5 March 1880). The Democratic Times. Vol. 10, No. 11. p. 1. Bullough, Vern L. “Transsexualism in history” (September 1975). Archives of Sexual Behavior. Vol. 4, No. 5. p. 564. DOI: 10.1007/bf01542134 PMID: 1103789 part time “full time/part time” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 126. [Notes that the terms refer to “the extent to which a cross-dresser lives in his or her desired gender role.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 passing Passing: Identity and Interpretation in Sexuality, Race, and Religion (2001). Edited by Maria C. Sanchez and Linda Schlossberg. NYU Press. Google Books: gY0UjDkepSQC ISBN-13: 9780814781234 passing, gender … in regard to cross-dressers Annie. “Annotated Glossary of Terms” (24 October 2000). [Defines ‘pass’ as “[t]o successfully appear in public in one’s chosen gender role without arousing attention or suspicion.”] “passing” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 174. [Defines ‘passing’ as “being perceived by others as a member of the opposite sex when cross-dressing. The adjectival form is passable” and as “being perceived as heterosexual, when actually gay.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 … in regard to trans people Annie. “Annotated Glossary of Terms” (24 October 2000). [Defines ‘pass’ as “[t]o successfully appear in public in one’s chosen gender role without arousing attention or suspicion.”] Passing Glances See also: Green, Melinda. passing privilege Silvermint, Daniel. “Passing as Privileged” (2018). Ergo. Vol. 5, No. 1. DOI: 10.3998/ergo.12405314.0005.001 passing privilege, cisgender See passing privilege, gender / in relationship to trans people. passing privilege, gender … in relationship to gender-nonconforming people … in relationship to intersex people … in relationship to trans people Xavier, Jessica. “Passing As Privilege” (1999). Transsexual Women’s Resources. Jessica M. Xavier. Chase, Suzi. “‘Passing privilege’ debate conjures stereotypes” (23 March 2016). Washington Blade. Brown, Naff, Pitts Omnimedia, Inc. “Queer 2.0: Why ‘Passing Privilege’ Is a Problem” (11 November 2016). NBC News. NBC Universal. Kline, Kat. “The Problem of ‘Passing Privilege’” (12 July 2017). Center on Halsted. A Medium Corporation. Moreno-Luz, Eve Xelestiál. “Straight, Cis-Passing Privilege & Rainbow Capitalism – Its Subjectivity is Killing Us” (26 June 2019). Rest for Resistance. “Episode 80: Should Trans People Stop Aspiring for ‘Cis-Passing Privilege’? (with Hez Casasola)” (10 July 2021). Debatable with Nina and Kyle. Audible, Inc. passing woman Molina, Nora Gabriella. “A Transgender Dictionary” (January 1998). Focus. Vol. 13, No. 2. pp. 5-6. [Clarified ‘passing woman’ as being “[c]hiefly used in the historical sense to refer to a non-transgendered woman who lives as a man in order to have access to a career or way of living that was available only to men”.] PMID: 11365022 Pastel, Sophia (1959/1960 – 1993) Black trans woman who died after being injected with silicone from an automobile parts store. “Man charged in death of transsexual” (18 February 1993). The Marietta Journal. p. 2B. Namaste, Ki. “‘Tragic Misreadings’: Queer Theory’s Erasure of Transgender Subjectivity” in Queer Studies: A Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Anthology. Edited by Brett Beemyn and Michele Eliason. NYU Press. p. 195. Google Books: 3RwTCgAAQBAJ ISBN-10: 0814712576 ISBN-13: 9780814712573 Namaste, Viviane. “Chapter 12: ‘Tragic Misreadings’: Queer Theory’s Erasure of Transgender Subjectivity” in Sex Change, Social Change: Reflections on Identity, Institutions, and Imperialism (2011). Canadian Scholars’ Press. p. 225. [This is a reprint of the similarly titled chapter in Queer Studies: A Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Anthology (1996).] Google Books: 2wjK2IK62XUC ISBN-10: 0889614830 ISBN-13: 9780889614833 Zagria. “Atlanta-Savannah Timeline–Part II 1981-now” (8 December 2017). A Gender Variance Who’s Who. Zagria. patlache Nahuatl term oftentimes roughly translated as ‘hermaphrodite’. Sigal, Pete. “The Cuiloni, the Patlache, and the Abominable Sin: Homosexualities in Early Colonial Nahua Society” (2005). Hispanic American Historical Review. Vol. 85, No. 4. pp. 555-93. DOI: 10.1215/00182168-85-4-555 pathologization … of intersex conditions … of transness Täschner, K.-L. and G. A. Wiesbeck. “Psychische und soziale Befunde bei Transsexuellen: Diagnose, Ätiologie und Behandlung” (15 July 1988). Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift. Vol. 113, No. 28-29. pp. 1154-7. DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1067787 PMID: 3292192 Patterson, Hayley Anne See Cropper, Hayley Anne. Patton, Jude (1939/1940 – ) See also: Renaissance. Liddick, Betty. “Switching sexes is life-saver” (17 October 1976). Cleveland Plain Dealer. pp. 4-1, 4-8, 4-9. Pavlovich, Aleksandr (1890s – ?) Schtess, A. P. “Sluchai zhenskogo gomoseksualizma pri nalichii situs viscerum inversus, ego psikhanaliz I gipnoterapiia” (1935). Saratovskii vestnik zdravookhraneniia. Vol. 3-4. pp. 1-19. Zagria. “Aleksandr Pavlovich (189? - ?) market trader.” (26 April 2010). A Gender Variance Who’s Who. Zagria. P. C. (b. 1845 – ?) Tamassa, Arrigo. “Sull’inversione dell’istinto sessuale” (1878). Rivista sperimentale di freniatria e di medicina legale. Vol. 4. pp. 97-117. Shaw, J. C. and G. N. Ferris. “Perverted Sexual Instinct” (April 1883). The Journal of Nervous Disease. Edited by William J. Morton. Vol. 10, No. 2. pp. 196-8. The Pearl of Africa See also: Kambugu, Cleopatra. Harrison, Natalie. “A transgender love story in the shadows of Uganda” (5 November 2016). The Lancet. Vol. 388, No. 10057. p. 2229. Published online 31 October 2016. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32069-4 PMID: 27831468 Pedersen, Linda Thor Peet, A. W. (c. 1968 – ) Pelletier, Anne Madeleine (18 May 1874 – 29 December 1939) Sowerwine, Charles. “Madeleine Pelletier (1874–1939), femme, medecin, militante” (1988). L’Information Psychiatrique. Vol. 9. pp. 1189-219. Mitchell, Claudine. “Madeleine Pelletier (1874 - 1939): The Politics of Sexual Oppression” (Autumn 1989). Feminist Review. Vol. 33. pp. 72-92. Gordon, Felica. The Integral Feminist--Madeleine Pelletier, 1874-1939: Feminism, Socialism, and Medicine (1990). University of Minnesota Press. Louis, Marie-Victoire. “Les analyses de Madeleine Pelletier sur la sexualité et la prostitution” (1 December 1992). Site de Marie-Victoire Louis. Marie-Victoire Louis. Scott, Joan W. “The Radical Individualism of Madeleine Pelletier” in Only Paradoxes to Offer: French Feminists and the Rights of Man (1997). Harvard University Press. pp. 125-60. “Madeleine Pelletier: Médecin psychiatre, journaliste, romancière et militante suffragiste (1874-1939)” (8 March 2003). Tetue. Gordon, Felicia. “Convergence and conflict: anthropology, psychiatry and feminism in the early writings of Madeleine Pelletier (1874—1939)” (June 2008). History of Psychiatry. Vol. 19, No. 2. pp. 141-62. Gordon, Felicia. “Publicity and Professionalism: Madeleine Pelletier (1874 - 1939) and Constance Pascal (1877 - 1937)” (August 2009). Modern & Contemporary France. pp. 319-34. “Madeleine Pelletier 1874-1939: Féministe d’avant-garde” (23 March 2012). Divergences. Zagria. “Madeleine Pelletier (1874 - 1939) Part I: psychiatrist” (25 March 2015). A Gender Variance Who’s Who. Zagria. Zagria. “Madeleine Pelletier (1874–1939) Part II: doctor and activist” (27 March 2015). A Gender Variance Who’s Who. Zagria. pelvic bone … in intersex people … in trans people … in trans men van der Loos, Maria ATC, Ilse Hellinga, Mariska C. Vlot, Daniel T. Klink, Martin den Heijer, and Chantal M. Wiepjes. “Development of Hip Bone Geometry During Gender‐Affirming Hormone Therapy in Transgender Adolescents Resembles That of the Experienced Gender When Pubertal Suspension Is Started in Early Puberty” (May 2021). Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. Vol. 36, No. 5. pp. 931-41. Received 22 July 2020. Revised 21 January 2021. Accepted 24 January 2021. Published online 17 February 2021. DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4262 PMCID: PMC8247856 PMID: 33507568 … in trans women van der Loos, Maria ATC, Ilse Hellinga, Mariska C. Vlot, Daniel T. Klink, Martin den Heijer, and Chantal M. Wiepjes. “Development of Hip Bone Geometry During Gender‐Affirming Hormone Therapy in Transgender Adolescents Resembles That of the Experienced Gender When Pubertal Suspension Is Started in Early Puberty” (May 2021). Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. Vol. 36, No. 5. pp. 931-41. Received 22 July 2020. Revised 21 January 2021. Accepted 24 January 2021. Published online 17 February 2021. DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4262 PMCID: PMC8247856 PMID: 33507568 penile inversion vaginoplasty Use only if not further specified as penile–scrotal or penile–urethral. … in trans people … in trans women Wollman, Leo. “Surgery for the transsexual” (1967). The Journal of Sex Research. Vol. 3, No. 2. pp. 145-7. Published online 11 January 2010. [Notes the “[t]he procedure used is to denude the penis by rolling back its epithelial cover and to use this invaginated sheath as a sensitive ‘vagina.’”] DOI: 10.1080/00224496709550522 Ako, Takamatsu, Harashina Takao, Inoue Yoshiharu, Kinoshita Katsuyuki, Ishihara Osamu, and Uchijima Yutaka. “Beginnings of Sex Reassignment Surgery in Japan” (January/March 2001). International Journal of Transgenderism. Vol. 5, No. 1. [Refers to the procedure as a “one-stage neovaginoplasty… performed by penile skin inversion technique.] Buncamper, Marlon E., Wouter B. van der Sluis, Roos S. D. van der Pas, Müjde Özer, Jan Maerten Smit, Birgit I. Witte, Mark-Bram Bouman, and Margriet G. Mullender. “Surgical Outcome after Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty: A Retrospective Study of 475 Transgender Women” (November 2016). Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Vol. 138, No. 5. pp. 999-1007. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000002684 PMID: 27782992 Kuzon, William M. Jr. and Katherine M. Gast. “Discussion: Surgical Outcome after Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty: A Retrospective Study of 475 Transgender Women” (November 2016). Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Vol. 138, No. 5. pp. 1008-9. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000002712 PMID: 27782993 Boskey, Elizabeth R. and Pamela Klein. “Gender-Affirming Surgeries: Women” (9 April 2021). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Trans Studies. Vol. 1. Edited by Abbie E. Goldberg and Genny Beemyn. SAGE Publications. pp. 335-6. Google Books: ibcKzgEACAAJ ISBN-10: 1544393814 ISBN-13: 9781544393810 penile–scrotal vaginoplasty … in trans people … in trans women Loverro, G., C. Bettocchi, M. Battaglia, G. Cormio, G. Selvaggi, P. Di Tonno, and F. P. Selvaggi. “Repair of Vaginal Prolapse following Penoscrotal Flap Vaginoplasty in a Male-to-Female Transsexual” (2002). Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. Vol. 53, No. 4. pp. 234-6. DOI: 10.1159/000064559 PMID: 12186990 … in nonbinary people penile tucking Annie. “Annotated Glossary of Terms” (24 October 2000). [Defines ‘tucking’ as “[a]ny of several techniques used to hide or disguise the external male organs under close-fitting garments.”] penile–urethral vaginoplasty … in trans people … in trans women Perovic, S. V., D. S. Stanojevic, and M. L. J. Djordjevic. “Vaginoplasty in male transsexuals using penile skin and a urethral flap” (November 2000). BJU International. Vol. 86, No. 7. pp. 843-50. Published online 24 December 2001. DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00934.x PMID: 11069412 … in nonbinary people Penn Trans Oral History Archive people of color … intersex … trans … trans men … trans women Jefferson, Kevin, Torsten B. Neilands, and Jae Sevelius. “Transgender women of color: discrimination and depression symptoms” (2013). Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care. Vol. 6, No. 4. pp. 121-36. Published online 2013. DOI: 10.1108/EIHSC-08-2013-0013 NIHMSID: NIHMS594631 PMCID: PMC4205968 PMID: 25346778 Sevelius, Jae M. “Gender Affirmation: A Framework for Conceptualizing Behavior Among Transgender Women of Color” (June 2013). Sex Roles. Vol. 68, No. 11-12. pp. 675-89. Published online 30 September 2012. DOI: 10.1007/s11199-012-0216-5 NIHMSID: NIHMS411386 PMCID: PMC3667985 PMID: 23729971 Hirschfield, S., J. Contreras, R. Q. Luebe, J. A. Swartz, R. Scheinmann, C. J. Reback, J. B. Fletcher, K. A. Kisler, L. M. Kuhns, and L. F. Molano. “Engagement in HIV Care Among New York City Transgender Women of Color: Findings from the Peer-Led, TWEET Intervention, a SPNS Trans Women of Color Initiative” (July 2021). AIDS and Behavior. Vol. 25, No. S1. pp. 20-30. Published online 13 September 2019. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02667-6 NIHMSID: NIHMS1645551 PMCID: PMC7679049 PMID: 31520240 Wilson, E. C., C. Turner, S. Arayasirikul, T. Woods, J. Tryon, K. Franza, and R. Lin. “HIV Care Engagement Among Trans Women of Color in San Francisco Bay Area Demonstration Projects: Findings from the Brandy Martell Project and TransAccess” (July 2021). AIDS and Behavior. Vol. 25, No. S1. pp. 31-9. Published online 16 October 2019. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02697-0 PMID: 31620900 … nonbinary people PEPUDA See Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act, 2000. peritoneal vaginoplasty … in intersex people … in trans people … in trans women Boskey, Elizabeth R. and Pamela Klein. “Gender-Affirming Surgeries: Women” (9 April 2021). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Trans Studies. Vol. 1. Edited by Abbie E. Goldberg and Genny Beemyn. SAGE Publications. p. 336. Google Books: ibcKzgEACAAJ ISBN-10: 1544393814 ISBN-13: 9781544393810 Perkins, Vale Roberta (30 April 1940 – 26 June 2018) See also: Australian Transsexual Association, Tiresias House, Roberta Perkins Law Project, and The Drag Queen Scene: Transsexuals in Kings Cross. Perkins, Vale Roberta. The Third Sex and Sanctified Persons: A Cross-Cultural Survey, Comparison and Analysis of Transvestism and Transsexuality (1981). Macquarie University. BA Thesis. Perkins, Vale Roberta. The Drag Queen Scene: Transsexuals in Kings Cross (1983). George Allen & Unwin. Google Books: tcv7HAAACAAJ ISBN-10: 0868610550 ISBN-13: 9780868610559 OCLC: 29005197 “Born in the Wrong Body” (23 January 1985). The Age. p. 18. Iselin, Kate. “Stepping in to sex work history through the archives of Robert Perkins” (19 December 2018). Subbed In. Subbed In. Cummings, Katherine. “Roberta Perkins (1940-2018)” (27 June 2018). The Gender Centre INC. The Gender Centre Inc. “‘Trailblazer’ to be remembered in Sydney” (28 June 2018). Daily Mail Online. Associated Newspapers Ltd. Updated 28 June 2018. Jones, Jesse. “Trans Sex Worker Activist Roberta Perkins Mourned by Community” (28 June 2018). Star Observer. Zagria. “Roberta Perkins (1940 – 2018) sociologist, activist” (2 July 2018). A Gender Variance Who’s Who. Zagria. per, per, pers, pers, perself “s/he, sie” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 192. [Defines ‘s/he, sie’ as a pronoun “used sometimes to refer to transgendered people. Also hem, hes, hir, ir, per.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 Perry, Grayson (24 March 1960 – ) petticoating See petticoat training. petticoat training “panty training” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 174. [Defines ‘panty training’ as “a form of forced feminization when a top ‘forces’ a bottom to wear female underwear and lingerie in order to cross-dress and humiliate him. Petticoat training or petticoating is a form of panty-training using ruffled slips.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 Peyronie’s disease phallic packing “packing” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 172. [Defines ‘packing’ as “wearing a strap-on dildo or something resembling a penis-like bulge in the underwear (females)” and as “wearing any sort of padding e.g. a rolled-up sock to make the penis appear bigger (males)”.] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 phalloplasty Use only for general discussions of phalloplasty, for specific phalloplasty techniques, see their individual entries. … in intersex people … in trans people … in trans men Boskey, Elizabeth R. “Gender-Affirming Surgeries: Men, Bottom” (9 April 2021). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Trans Studies. Vol. 1. Edited by Abbie E. Goldberg and Genny Beemyn. SAGE Publications. pp. 330-1. Google Books: ibcKzgEACAAJ ISBN-10: 1544393814 ISBN-13: 9781544393810 … in nonbinary people phalloplasty with abdominal flap See abdominal phalloplasty. The Philadelphia Center for Transgender Surgery Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Phoenix Transgender Support phrenology … in relationship to intersex people … in relationship to trans people Lundberg, P. O., A. Sjövall, and J. Wålinder. “Sella turcica in male-to-female transsexuals” (November 1975). Archives of Sexual Behavior. Vol. 4, No. 6. pp. 657-62. DOI: 10.1007/bf01544273 PMID: 1212094 A Pictoral History of the Art of Female Impersonation A Pictoral History of the Art of Female Impersonation (1966). Edited by Chris Shaw and Arthur Oates. King-Shaw Productions Co. Ltd. Google Books: hXJTGwAACAAJ Pikachu, Ash’s (Japanese: サトシのピカチュウ) In the 11 October 2012 episode “Beauties Battling for Pride and Prestige!”, Ash’s Pikachu (and Ash and Cilan) are disallowed from a women-only space serving as the headquarters of the Flower Garden Troupe. Some members of the Troupe insult Iris and her Emolga, so Iris convinces Ash and Cilan (and Ash’s Pikachu) to dress as female in order to enter the Troupe’s headquarters. In order for Ash’s Pikachu to “pass” as female, he must appear to have a heart-shaped tail (as is common for female Pikachu). This is accomplished by using a yellow heart-shaped piece of paper. This association of assigned male at birth (AMAB) persons dressing as women to “infiltrate” women’s spaces is a damaging and dangerous trope and stereotype of trans women, which is entirely unfounded and has been used mostly as a political tactic to disallow trans people to use the bathroom of their gender. However, an image of Ash’s Pikachu with the heart-shaped paper tail has gained memetic traction among the trans community, especially on social media platforms, such as Twitter. Price, Devon. “These Nintendo Characters are Canonically Transgender or Nonbinary” (13 June 2018). Devon Price. Pine Leaf (c. 1800 – 1854) See also: Bíawacheeitchish. ping “ping” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 175. [Defines ‘ping’ as “a variant of gaydar where one transgendered or cross-dressing person detects another in public.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 PIV See penile inversion vaginoplasty. Planet Transgender Transgender-related website. plasminogen activator, tissue … in intersex people … in trans people … in trans men Giltay, E. J., L. J. G. Gooren, J. J. Emeis, T. Kooistra, and C. D. A. Stehouwer. “Oral, but Not Transdermal, Administration of Estrogens Lowers Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Levels in Humans Without Affecting Endothelial Synthesis” (May 2000). Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. Vol. 20, No. 5. pp. 1396-403. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.20.5.1396 PMID: 10807760 … in trans women Giltay, E. J., L. J. G. Gooren, J. J. Emeis, T. Kooistra, and C. D. A. Stehouwer. “Oral, but Not Transdermal, Administration of Estrogens Lowers Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Levels in Humans Without Affecting Endothelial Synthesis” (May 2000). Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. Vol. 20, No. 5. pp. 1396-403. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.20.5.1396 PMID: 10807760 … in nonbinary people Plows, Possum New Zealander vocalist of the emo pop band Openside. Plows, Possum. “Openside’s Possum Plows on coming out as gender-nonbinary” (14 September 2017). The Spinoff. The Spinoff. police, relationships with … intersex people … trans people See also: Blackstone, Elliot R. … trans men … trans women … nonbinary police brutality See police violence. police harassment See police violence. police officers … intersex … trans … trans men … trans women … nonbinary police violence … against intersex people … against trans people … against trans men … against trans women Nichols, Andrea. “Dance Ponnaya, Dance! Police Abuses Against Transgender Sex Workers in Sri Lanka” (1 April 2010). Feminist Criminology. Vol. 5, No. 2. pp. 195-222. Published online 17 May 2010. DOI: 10.1177/1557085110366226 Logie, Carmen H., Ashley Lacombe-Duncan, Kathleen S. Kenny, Kandasi Levermore, Nicolette Jones, Annecka Marshall, and Peter A. Newman. “Associations between Police Harassment and HIV Vulnerabilities among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Jamaica” (December 2017). Health and Human Rights. Vol. 19, No. 2. pp. 147-54. PMCID: PMC5739366 PMID: 29302172 … against nonbinary people Pope Francis (17 December 1936 – ) … views regarding intersex people … views regarding trans people Weil, Julie Zauzmer. “Pope Francis says it’s ‘terrible’ that children are taught they can choose their own gender” (3 August 2016). The Washington Post. The Washington Post. Grindley, Lucas. “Pope Francis Says Jesus Would Not Abandon Transgender People” (3 October 2016). Advocate. Grand Editorial for Here Media. Brammer, John Paul. “Pope Condemns Technologies That Make Gender Transitions Easier” (5 October 2017). NBC News. NBC Universal. Giangrave, Claire. “Pope Francis encourages nun helping trans community in Argentina” (26 August 2020). Global Sisters Report. The National Catholic Reporter Publishing Company. population statistics … of intersex people … of trans people Wålinder, Jan. “Incidence and Sex Ratio of Transsexualism in Sweden” (August 1971). British Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 119, No. 549. pp. 195-6. Published online 29 January 2018. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.119.549.195 PMID: 5565911 Hoenig, John and John C. Kenna. “The Prevalence of Transsexualism in England and Wales” (February 1974). British Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 124, No. 579. pp. 181-90. Published online 29 January 2018. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.124.2.181 PMID: 4825663 Eklund, P. L. E., L. J. G. Gooren, and P. D. Bezemer. “Prevalence of Transsexualism in the Netherlands” (May 1988). British Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 152, No. 5. pp. 638-40. Published online 2 January 2018. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.152.5.638 PMID: 3167437 … of trans men … of trans women … of nonbinary people pornography … intersex people in … trans people in … trans men in … trans women in … nonbinary people in pornography use … by intersex people … by trans people … by trans men … by trans women Goldstein, Michael, Harold Kent, and Lewis Judd. “Experience with pornography: Rapists, pedophiles, homosexuals, transsexuals, and controls” (March 1971). Archives of Sexual Behavior. Vol. 1, No. 1. pp. 1-15. DOI: 10.1007/BF01540933 PMID: 24179044 … by nonbinary people post-op and post-operative Annie. “Annotated Glossary of Terms” (24 October 2000). [Defines ‘post-op’ as “Postoperative. A transsexual who has completed sex reassignment surgery.”] “post-op transsexual” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 186. [Defined as “a transsexual who has undergone surgery to change his or her sex and lives as a member of the opposite sex.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 posttranssexual heteroglossia See also: “The Empire Strikes Back: A Posttranssexual Manifesto”. AstraSubDomina. “Trans Labels: Or, the Problem with Language” (8 May 2018). AstraSubDomina. A Medium Corporation. posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) See also: minority stress. … in intersex people … in trans people Livingston, Nicholas A., Danielle Berke, James Scholl, Mollie Ruben, and Jillian C. Shipherd. “Addressing Diversity in PTSD Treatment: Clinical Considerations and Guidance for the Treatment of PTSD in LGBTQ Populations” (2020). Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry. Vol. 7, No. 2. pp. 53-69. Published online 16 March 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s40501-020-00204-0 PMCID: PMC7223966 PMID: 32421099 Wolford-Clevenger, Caitlin. “A daily diary study of intrusive PTSD symptoms and suicidal ideation among transgender and gender diverse adults” (October 2021). Psychological Trauma. Vol. 13, No. 7. pp. 768-71. Published online 5 August 2021. DOI: 10.1037/tra0001103 PMCID: PMC8563436 PMID: 34351210 … in trans men … in trans women Empson, Susannah, Yvette P. Cuca, Jennifer Cocohoba, Carol Dawson-Rose, Katy Davis, and Edward L. Machtinger. “Seeking Safety Group Therapy for Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and PTSD among Transgender Women Living with HIV: A Pilot Study” (September – October 2017). Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. Vol. 49, No. 4. pp. 344-51. Received 26 September 2016. Accepted 9 March 2017. Published online 19 May 2017. DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2017.1320733 PMID: 28524758 … in nonbinary people Potter, Ellen Milton, Josh. “Trans woman triumphantly changes name to Ellen Potter after sharing deadname with You-Know-Who’s most famous wizard” (30 September 2020). PinkNews. PinkNews. poufbunny Annie. “Annotated Glossary of Terms” (24 October 2000). [Defines ‘poufbunny’ as “[o]ne who enjoys petticoats, crinolines and any kind of bouffant fashion.”] Prakashashila prehistory See also: Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age. … intersex people in … trans people in prehistory, gender in Use only when the specific era of prehistory is unspecified or for general works concerning prehistory. See also: Stone Age, gender in the, Bronze Age, gender in the, and Iron Age, gender in the. Hamilton, Naomi. “Ungendering Archaeology: Concepts of Sex and Gender in Figurine Studies in Prehistory” in Representations of Gender from Prehistory to the Present (1999). Edited by Moira Donald and Linda Hurcombe. Macmillan Publishers Limited. Google Books: IuTWwQEACAAJ ISBN-10: 0333792025 ISBN-13: 9780333792025 … in Europe Whitehouse, Ruth D. “Exploring Gender in Prehistoric Italy” (2001). Papers of the British School at Rome. Vol. 69. pp. 49-96. JSTOR: 40311006 Hitchcock, Louise and Marianna Nikolaidou. “Gender in Greek and Aegean Prehistory” in A Companion to Gender Prehistory (4 December 2012). Edited by Diane Bolger. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 502-25. DOI: 10.1002/9781118294291.ch24 Google Books: FLikRIEwaEAC ISBN-10: 0470655364 ISBN-13: 9780470655368, 9781118294291 Premarin Premarin as used in gender-affirming hormone therapy, oral route … for intersex people … for trans people … for trans women New, Gishel, Stephen J. Duffy, Richard W. Harper, and Ian T. Meredith. “Estrogen improves acetylcholine-induced but not metabolic vasodilation in biological males” (December 1999). The American Journal of Physiology. Vol. 277, No. 6. pp. H2341-7. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2341 PMID: 10600854 … for nonbinary people pre-op and pre-operative Annie. “Annotated Glossary of Terms” (24 October 2000). [Defines ‘pre-op’ as “Preoperative. A transsexual who has not had sex reassignment surgery.”] “pre-op transsexual” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 186. [Defined as “a transsexual who is yet to have sexual reassignment surgery but may have taken some steps towards changing his or her sex, for example: hormone therapy, breast implants or removal, plastic surgery or electrolysis.”] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 Pretty TGirls Magazine Primary Documents Archive One of the collections available in the Queer Digital History Project. Prince Pansy Pseudonym of one of the individuals (the others being Roland Reeves and Manon Lescaunt) who approached Ralph Werther to join the Cercle Hermaphroditos at Paresis Hall in early January 1895. It is unknown if the pseudonym “Prince Pansy” was one given by Ralph Werther or by the “Prince Pansy” themself. It appears that the name itself might be derived from a stanza in Frank Dempster Sherman’s poem “Jester Bee”: He pull Prince Pansy by the ear; He does all sorts of things That are ridiculous and queer— But all the while he sings. The poem appeared in the Buffalo Evening News on Wednesday, 31 August 1892. Sherman lived from 6 May 1860 to 19 September 1916. He was born in Peekskill, New York and earned his bachelor’s degree from Columbia University in 1884. See also: Werther, Ralph; Paresis Hall; Cercle Hermaphroditos; Reeves, Roland; Lescaunt, Manon. Prince, Virginia Charles (23 November 1912 – 2 May 2009) See also: Transvestia; Beecroft, Carol; Virginia Prince Lifetime Achievement Award. “Father Admits Liking to Wear Feminine Garb” (4 March 1953). Los Angeles Times. Vol. 72, Pt. 2. p. 3. Prince, C. V. “Homosexuality, Transvestism and Transsexualism: Reflections on their Etiology and Differentiation” (January 1957). American Journal of Psychotherapy. Vol. 11, No. 1. pp. 80-5. Published online 30 April 2018. DOI: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1957.11.1.80 PMID: 13394762 Prince, Virginia Charles. The Transvestite and His Wife (1967). Argyle Books. Google Books: pwXaAAAAMAAJ Prince, Virginia and P. M. Bentler. “Survey of 504 Cases of Transvestism” (1 December 1972). Psychological Reports. Vol. 31, No. 3. pp. 903-17. Accepted 16 August 1972. DOI: 10.2466/pr0.1972.31.3.903 Docter, Richard F. and Virginia Prince. “Transvestism: A Survey of 1032 Cross-Dressers” (December 1997). Archives of Sexual Behavior. Vol. 26, No. 6. pp. 589-605. DOI: 10.1023/a:1024572209266 PMID: 9415796 Doctor, Richard F. From Man to Woman: The Transgender Journey of Virginia Prince (2004). Doctor Press. Google Books: EjNjAAAAMAAJ ISBN-10: 0974560006 ISBN-13: 9780974560007 Virginia Prince: Pioneer of Transgendering (2005). Edited by Richard Ekins and Dave King. Haworth Medical Press. Internet Archive: virginiaprincepi0000unse ISBN-10: 0789030551 ISBN-13: 9780789030559 Ekins, Richard and Dave King. “Virginia Prince: Transgender Pioneer” (2005). International Journal of Transgenderism. Vol. 8, No. 4. pp. 5-15. Published online 22 September 2008. DOI: 10.1300/J485v08n04_02 Prince, C. V. “Homosexuality, Transvestism and Transsexuality: Reflections on Their Etiology and Differentiation” (2005). International Journal of Transgenderism. Vol. 8, No. 4. pp. 17-20. Published online 22 September 2008. DOI: 10.1300/J485v08n04_03 Virginia Prince: Pioneer of Transgendering (7 February 2006). Edited by Richard Ekins and Dave King. CRC Press. Google Books: ibTEYWZxZ60C ISBN-10: 0789030551 ISBN-13: 9780789030559 Prinner, Anton (31 December 1902 – 6 April 1983) Clayton, Zorian. “The metamorphosis of Anton Prinner” (2 August 2016). V&A Blog. progesterone acetate progesterone acetate as used in gender-affirming hormone therapy, oral route … for intersex people … for trans people … for trans women New, Gishel, Stephen J. Duffy, Richard W. Harper, and Ian T. Meredith. “Estrogen improves acetylcholine-induced but not metabolic vasodilation in biological males” (December 1999). The American Journal of Physiology. Vol. 277, No. 6. pp. H2341-7. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2341 PMID: 10600854 … for nonbinary people progesterone gender-affirming hormone therapy … for intersex people … for trans people Thompson, Julie. “Hormones, Adults” (9 April 2021). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Trans Studies. Vol. 1. Edited by Abbie E. Goldberg and Genny Beemyn. SAGE Publications. p. 407. Google Books: ibcKzgEACAAJ ISBN-10: 1544393814 ISBN-13: 9781544393810 progestogenic gender-affirming hormone therapy Prolactin … in intersex people … in trans people … in trans men Goh, H. H., X. F. Li, and S. S. Ratnam. “Effects of cross-gender steroid hormone treatment on prolactin concentrations in humans” (1992). Gynecological Endocrinology. Vol. 6, No. 2. pp. 113-7. Published online 7 July 2009. DOI: 10.3109/09513599209046394 PMID: 1502928 … in trans women Gooren, L. J. G, W. Harmsen-Louman, L. van Bergeyk, and H. van Kessel. “Studies on the Prolactin-Releasing Capacity of Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone in Male Subjects” (December 1985). Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology. Vol. 86, No. 3. pp. 300-4. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1210501 PMID: 3912199 Goh, H. H., X. F. Li, and S. S. Ratnam. “Effects of cross-gender steroid hormone treatment on prolactin concentrations in humans” (1992). Gynecological Endocrinology. Vol. 6, No. 2. pp. 113-7. Published online 7 July 2009. DOI: 10.3109/09513599209046394 PMID: 1502928 Sathyapalan, T., S. González, and S. L. Atkin. “Effect of long-term, high-dose estrogen treatment on prolactin levels: a retrospective analysis” (October 2009). Climacteric. Vol. 12, No. 5. pp. 427-30. Received 6 January 2009. Accepted 18 March 2009. Published online 19 September 2009. DOI: 10.1080/13697130902929559 PMID: 19637056 Fung, Raymond, Miriam Hellstern-Layefsky, Camille Tastenhoye, Iliana Lega, and Leah Steele. “Differential Effects of Cyproterone Acetate vs Spironolactone on Serum High-Density Lipoprotein and Prolactin Concentrations in the Hormonal Treatment of Transgender Women” (November 2016). The Journal of Sexual Medicine. Vol. 13, No. 11. pp. 1765-72. Accepted 11 September 2016. Received 21 July 2016. Published online 29 September 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.09.012 PMID: 27693265 Bisson, Jason R., Kelly J. Chan, and Joshua D. Safer. “Prolactin Levels Do Not Rise Among Transgender Women Treated with Estradiol and Spironolactone” (July 2018). Endocrine Practice. Vol. 24, No. 7. pp. 646-51. DOI: 10.4158/EP-2018-0101 PMID: 29708436 … in nonbinary people Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act, 2000, Act No. of 2000 pronoun Use this entry for discussion of pronouns generally, that is, pro-forms that substitute for a noun or noun phrase. The adjectival form of ‘pronoun’ is ‘pronominal.’ See also: pronoun sets, gender pronouns, neologistic pronouns, gender-neutral pronouns, gender-specific pronouns. pronoun game “pronoun game” in Fantabulosa: A Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang (2002). Written by Paul Baker. Continuum. p. 181. [Defines ‘pronoun game’ as “the act of referring to people via opposite-sex pronouns or nouns, so ‘she’ becomes ‘he’ and vice versa. This can be done to indicate that someone is either gay, closeted or very camp”.] Google Books: U6kdAQAAIAAJ ISBN-10: 0826459617 ISBN-13: 9780826459619 Pronoun Island Pronoun Provider Tumblr account categorizing thousands of pronoun sets (mostly in English but also in Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Esperanto, Estonian, Farsi, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Hebrew, Icelandic, Ilokano, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malay, Michif, Norwegian, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Scottish Gaelic, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish, and Welsh). pronouns See pronoun sets. pronouns, asking about pronoun sets Use this entry for discussion of sets of pronouns (i.e. ‘they/them’ instead of just ‘they’). Note that pronoun sets are typically comprised of personal pronouns and determiners, following the form: subject pronoun [she, he, they], object pronoun [her, him, them], possessive determiner (alternatively referred to as adjectival possessive pronoun, dependent possessive pronoun, possessive adjective, or weak possessive pronoun) [her, his, their], possessive pronoun (alternatively referred to as independent possessive pronoun, strong possessive pronoun, substantival possessive pronoun, or genitive pronoun) [hers, his, theirs], reflexive pronoun [herself, himself, themself]. … English pronoun usage … using any/all pronouns McGlashan, Hayley and Katie Fitzpatrick. “‘I use any pronouns, and I'm questioning everything else’: transgender youth and the issue of gender pronouns” (2018). Sex Education. Vol. 18, No. 3. pp. 239-52. Received 28 April 2017. Accepted 19 December 2017. Published online 10 January 2018. DOI: 10.1080/14681811.2017.1419949 prostate-specific antigen … in intersex people … in trans people … in trans men Goh, Victor H. H. “Breast Tissues in Transsexual―A Nonprostatic Source of Androgen Up-Regulated Production of Prosate-Specific Antigen” (1 September 1999). The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Vol. 84, No. 9. pp. 3313-5. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.84.9.6006 PMID: 10487704 Obiezu, C. V., E. J. Giltay, A. Magklara, A. Scorilas, L. J. Gooren, H. Yu, D. J. Howarth, and E. P. Diamandis. “Serum and urinary prostate-specific antigen and urinary human glandular kallikrein concentrations are significantly increased after testosterone administration in female-to-male transsexuals” (June 2000). Clinical Chemistry. Vol. 46, No. 6, Pt. 1. pp. 859-62. PMID: 10839777 … in trans women Obiezu, C. V., E. J. Giltay, A. Magklara, A. Scorilas, L. Gooren, H. Yu, and E. P. Diamandis. “Dramatic suppression of plasma and urinary prostate specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein by antiandrogens in male-to-female transsexuals” (March 2000). The Journal of Urology. Vol. 163, No. 3. pp. 802-5. PMID: 10687981 … in nonbinary people protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism … in arthropods (Arthropoda) … in malacostracans (Malacostraca) Baeza, J. Antonio. “Protandric Simultaneous Hermaphroditism in the Shrimps Lysmata bahia and Lysmata intermedia” (2008). Invertebrate Biology. Vol. 127, No. 2. pp. 181-8. JSTOR: 40206190 Zhang, Dong, Min Sun, and Xin Liu. “Phase-specific expression of an insulin-like androgenic gland factor in a marine shrimp Lysmata wurdemanni: Implication for maintaining protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism” (24 February 2017). PLoS ONE. Vol. 12, No. 2. Art. e0172782. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172782 PMCID: PMC5325528 PMID: 28235100 Dickson, Michael D., Donald C. Behringer, and J. Antonio Baeza. “Life history traits and reproductive performance of the caridean shrimp Lysmata boggessi, a heavily traded invertebrate in the marine aquarium industry” (23 January 2020). PeerJ. Vol. 8. Art. e8231. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8231 PMCID: PMC6983297 PMID: 32002320 Shi, Wenyuan, Fang Liu, An Liu, Huiyang Huang, Qi Lin, Chaoshu Zeng, and Haihui Ye. “Roles of gonad-inhibiting hormone in the protandric simultaneous hermaphrodite peppermint shrimp” (October 2020). Biology of Reproduction. Vol. 103, No. 4. pp. 817-27. DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa111 PMID: 32582944 protandrous hermaphroditism … in annelids (Annelida) … in polychaetes (Polychaeta) … in arthropods (Arthropoda) … in malacostracans (Malacostraca) Yaldwyn, J. “Protandrous Hermaphroditism in Decapod Prawns of the Families Hippolytidae and Campylonotidae” (26 March 1966). Nature. Vol. 209, No. 5030. p. 1366. DOI: 10.1038/2091366a0 Aneesh, Panakkool Thamban and Sudha Kappalli. “Protandrous Hermaphroditic Reproductive System in the Adult Phases of Mothocya renardi (Bleeker, 1857) (Cymothoidae: Isopoda: Crustacea) –Light and Electron Microscopy Study” (23 November 2020). Zoological Studies. Vol. 59. p. e61. DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-61 PMCID: PMC8181168 PMID: 34140978 … in chordates (Chordata) … in ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) Hesp, S. Alex, Ian C. Potter, and Norman G. Hill. “Reproductive Biology and Protandrous Hermaphroditism in Acanthopagrus latus” (July 2004). Environmental Biology of Fishes. Vol. 70, No. 3. pp. 257-272. DOI: 10.1023/B:EBFI.0000033344.21383.00 … in ctenophores (Ctenophora) … in tentaculates (Tentaculata) Krempf, A. “Coeloplana gonoctena: Biologie, organization, développement” (1921). Bulletin Biologique de la France et de la Belgique. Vol. 54. pp. 252-312. … in flatworms (Platyhelminthes) Castle, William A. “The Morphology and Life History of Hymanella retenuova, a New Species of Triclad from New England” (July 1941). The American Midland Naturalist. Vol. 26, No. 1. pp. 85-97. DOI: 10.2307/2420756 JSTOR: 2420756 protogynous hermaphroditism … in arthropods (Arthropoda) … in malacostracans (Malacostraca) Brook, Heather J., Timothy A. Rawlings, and Ronald W. Davies. “Protogynous Sex Change in the Intertidal Isopod Gnorimosphaeroma oregonense (Crustacea: Isopoda)” (August 1994). Biological Bulletin. Vol. 187, No. 1. pp. 99-111. DOI: 10.2307/1542169 JSTOR: 1542169 PMID: 29281308 … in chordates (Chordata) … in ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) Koulish, S. and C. R. Kramer. “Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) induces gonad reversal in a protogynous fish, the bluehead wrasse, Thalassoma bifasciatum (teleostei, labridae)" (November 1989). Journal of Experimental Zoology. Vol. 252, No. 2. pp. 156-68. DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402520207 PMID: 2480989 Munday, Philip L., J. Wilson White, and Robert R. Warner. “A social basis for the development of primary males in a sex-changing fish” (22 November 2006). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. Vol. 273, No. 1603. pp. 2845-2851. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2006.3666 PMCID: PMC1664627 PMID: 17015358 Sundberg, Michael A., Kerri A. Loke, Christopher G. Lowe, and Kelly A. Young. “Gonadal Restructuring During Sex Transition in California Sheephead: a Reclassification Three Decades After Initial Studies” (2009). Bulletin, Southern California Academy of Sciences. Vol. 108, No. 1. pp. 16-28. DOI: 10.3160/0038-3872-108.1.16 PMCID: PMC4386901 PMID: 25861122 protogynous simultaneous hermaphroditism … in cnidarians (Cnidaria) … in hexacorallians (Hexacorallia) Dunn, Daphne Fautin. “Reproduction of the Externally Brooding Sea Anemone Epiactis prolifera Verrill, 1869” (April 1975). The Biological Bulletin. Vol. 148, No. 2. pp. 199-218. DOI: 10.2307/1540543 PMID: 239758 Pruvot, Marie-Pierre (11 November 1935 – ) PSA See prostate-specific antigen. pseudohermaphroditism, in reference to humans Contrasted with “true hermaphroditism” in Theodor Albrecht Edwin Klebs’ taxonomy presented in Handbuch der Pathologischen Anatomie (1876). The term was a renaming of the previously used “spurious hermaphroditism”, part of J. Y. Simpson’s taxonomy laid out in the article “Hermaphroditism” published in volume 2 of The Cyclopaedia of Anatomy and Physiology (1836). Also referred to as “false hermaphroditism”. This term is usually considered outdated, confusing, scientifically unsound, pejorative, and stigmatizing today. See also: hermaphroditism and true hermaphroditism. Simpson, J. Y. “Hermaphroditism” (1836). The Cyclopaedia of Anatomy and Physiology. Vol. 2. pp. 684-738. [Named as “spurious hermaphroditism”.] Klebs, Theodor Albrecht Edwin. Handbuch der Pathologischen Anatomie (1876). August Hirschwald. pp. 706, 723, 1093, 1133 [Coined the term “pseudohermaphroditism” (Pseudohermaphroditismus/Pseudo-hermaphroditismus) in German, but in other works it is noted that Klebs listed it as a synonym for the earlier coined “spurious hermaphroditism” (Schein-Zwitter, as Klebs called it).] Google Books: qB8bAAAAYAAJ OCLC: 14555016 Cole, Percival P. “Pseudo-hermaphroditism” (1911). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 4. pp. 53-62. PMCID: PMC2005147 PMID: 19975322 Turner, Philip. “Pseudo-Hermaphroditism” (January 1927). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 20, No. 3. pp. 191-2. PMCID: PMC2100499 PMID: 19985476 Dickinson, T. Vincent. “Pseudo-hermaphroditism” (December 1928). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 22, No. 2. p. 137. PMCID: PMC2101900 PMID: 19986729 McLeod, Presley A. “A Case of Pseudohermaphroditism” (November 1931). Canadian Medical Association Journal. Vol. 25, No. 5. pp. 593-4. PMCID: PMC382740 PMID: 20318508 Levi, David. “Pseudo-hermaphroditism” (June 1932). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 25, No. 8. p. 1234. PMCID: PMC2184162 PMID: 19988816 Shelley, Ursula. “Pseudo-hermaphroditism” (August 1938). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 31, No. 10. pp. 1161-2. PMCID: PMC2076773 PMID: 19991637 Stollmeyer, J. E. C. and J. P. A. Latour. “Pseudohermaphroditism” (November 1950). Canadian Medical Association Journal. Vol. 63, No. 5. pp. 494-5. PMCID: PMC1821801 PMID: 14778107 Daro, August F., Harvey A. Gollin, Ernest Nora, Jr., and E. J. Chesrow. “Pseudohermaphroditism” (1 May 1953). American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Vol. 65, No. 5. pp. 1061-4. Published online 22 April 2016. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(53)90635-8 PMID: 13040429 Evans, T. N. and G. M. Riley. “Pseudohermaphroditism, a clinical problem” (October 1953). Obstetrics and Gynecology. Vol. 2, No. 4. pp. 363-78. PMID: 13099751 Scanlon, W. G. “Pseudohermaphroditism: a psychological study” (July 1955). Diseases of the Nervous System. Vol. 16, No. 7. pp. 207-11. PMID: 13241318 Prpić, I. and V. Hartl-Prpić. “Pseudohermaphroditism” (1967). Acta chirurgiae plasticae. Vol. 9, No. 1. pp. 43-50. PMID: 4194670 Burns, R. Phillip. “Pseudohermaphroditism” (5 May 2004). Archives of Surgery. Vol. 139, No. 5. pp. 567-8. DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.139.5.567 PMID: 15136360 Dreger, Alice D., Cheryl Chase, Aron Sousa, Philip A. Gruppuso, and Joel Frader. “Changing the Nomenclature/Taxonomy for Intersex: A Scientific and Clinical Rationale” (1 August 2005). Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism. Vol. 18, No. 8. pp. 729-33. [Describes how “division of many intersex types into… male pseudohermaphroditism, and female pseudohermaphroditism is scientifically specious and clinically problematic”.] DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2005.18.8.729 PMID: 16200837 Houk, Christopher P., Ieuan A. Hughes, S. Faisal Ahmed, and Peter A. Lee. “Summary of Consensus Statement on Intersex Disorders and Their Management” (1 August 2006). Pediatrics. Vol. 118, No. 2. pp. 753-7. Accepted 22 March 2006. [Describes how “[t]erminology such as ‘pseudohermaphroditism’ is controversial, potentially pejorative to patients, and inherently confusing”.] DOI: 10.1542/peds.2006-0737 PMID: 16882833 Reis, Elizabeth. “Divergence or Disorder?: the politics of naming intersex” (Autumn 2007). Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. Vol. 50, No. 4. p. 537. [Describes “male pseudohermaphrodite” and “female pseudohermaphrodite” as “19th-century terms based on hermaphrodite”.] DOI: 10.1353/pbm.2007.0054 PMID: 17951887 Hughes, Ieuan A. “Disorders of sex development: a new definition and classification” (February 2008). Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Vol. 22, No. 1. pp. 119-34. Published online 12 February 2008. [Notes that “[t]he nomenclature ‘intersex’, ‘hermaphrodite’, and ‘pseudohermaphrodite’ is anachronistic, unhelpful, and perceived to be pejorative by some affected families”.] DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2007.11.001 PMID: 18279784 Kim, Kun Suk and Jongwon Kim. “Disorders of Sex Development” (January 2012). Korean Journal of Urology. Vol. 53, No. 1. pp. 1-8. Received 28 October 2011. Accepted 28 November 2011. Published online 25 January 2012. [Notes that “[t]he nomenclature such as ‘intersex’, ‘hermaphrodite’, and ‘pseudohermaphrodite’ is out of date as well as confusing, and many urologists are concerned that these confusing terms could be perceived to be pejorative by some affected families”.] DOI: 10.4111/kju.2012.53.1.1 PMCID: PMC3272549 PMID: 22323966 Amato, Viola. Intersex Narratives: Shifts in the Representative of Intersex Lives in North American Literature and Popular Culture (29 February 2016). transcript Verlag. p. 167-8. [Notes that “the use and the simultaneous reproduction of hurtful and outdated medical terminology (‘Pseudohermaphrodites’) and violent, pathologizing images reinforce a self-image as an intersex subject that is utterly deindividualized, depersonalized, and even dehumanized”.] Google Books: isWyCwAAQBAJ ISBN-10: 383943419X ISBN-13: 9783839434192 Grinspon, Romina P. and Rodolfo A. Rey. “Chapter 48: Disorders of Sex Development” in Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Endocrinology: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management (12 October 2019). Edited By Christopher S. Kovacs and Cheri Deal. Academic Press. p. 841. [Notes that newer terms “replace previously used terms, like hermaphroditism or pseudohermaphroditism, perceived as pejorative”.] Google Books: Mve0DwAAQBAJ ISBN-10: 0128148241 ISBN-13: 9780128148242 Affirming Primary Care for Intersex People, 2020 (August 2020). National LGBTQIA+ Health Education Center. [Notes that terms like ‘hermaphrodite’ and ‘pseudohermaphrodite’ are “outdated” and “experienced as stigmatizing and hurtful; these terms should be avoided unless an intersex person asks you to use them”.] Mehmood, Khawar T. and Rebecca M. Rentea. “Ambiguous Genitalia And Disorders of Sexual Differentiation” (6 September 2021). StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. [Notes that “[t]erminology, such as hermaphrodite, pseudo-hermaphrodite, and intersex, are considered to be pejorative and dated”.] … female pseudohermaphroditism Ibbertson, H. K. and R. Fraser. “Female pseudohermaphroditism” (September 1958). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 51, No. 9. pp. 723-4. PMID: 13591289 Asch, G. “Female hermaphroditism” (January 1961). Journal - Newark Beth Israel Hospital. No. 12. pp. 73-88. PMID: 13684669 Bierich, J. R. “Female pseudohermaphroditism” (1974). Helvetica paediatrica acta. No. S34. pp. 87-97. PMID: 4616023 Lubinsky, Mark S. and John M. Opitz. “Female pseudohermaphroditism and associated anomalies” (1980). American Journal of Medical Genetics. Vol. 6, No. 2. pp. 123-36. DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320060206 PMID: 6449866 Robinow, Meinhard. “Female pseudohermaphroditism with associated anomalies” (April 1986). The Journal of Pediatrics. Vol. 108, No. 4. pp. 633-4. Published online 18 March 2006. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80863-0 PMID: 3958842 New, M. I. “Female pseudohermaphroditism” (October 1992). Seminars in Perinatology. Vol. 16, No. 5. pp. 299-318. PMID: 1485187 Hines, Melissa. “Psychosexual development in individuals who have female pseudohermaphroditism” (July 2004). Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America. Vol. 13, No. 3. pp. 641-56. Published online 1 March 2005. DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2004.02.013 PMID: 15183378 … male pseudohermaphroditism Beatty, D. C., C. J. Champ, and G. I. M. Swyer. “Male Pseudohermaphroditism” (20 June 1953). British Medical Journal. Vol. 1, No. 4824. pp. 1369-70. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.4824.1369 PMCID: PMC2016696 PMID: 13042261 Fairbairn, W. Ronald D. “Male pseudohermaphroditism” (11 July 1953). British Medical Journal. Vol. 2, No. 4827. pp. 94-5. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.4827.94 PMCID: PMC2028461 PMID: 13051595 Boczkowski, Krzysztof and Jerzy Teter. “Familial Male Pseudohermaphroditism” (August 1965). Acta endocrinologica. Vol. 49, No. 4. pp. 497-509. DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.0490497 PMID: 14329824 Ward, A. P. “Male pseudohermaphroditism” (September 1966). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 59, No. 9. p. 833. PMCID: PMC1901207 PMID: 5922416 Prader, A. “Male pseudohermaphroditism” (1974). Helvetica paediatrica acta. No. S34. pp. 79-86. PMID: 4616022 Migeon, C. J. “Male pseudohermaphroditism” (July – August 1980). Annales d’endocrinologie. Vol. 41, No. 4. pp. 311-43. PMID: 7011168 Quattrin, Teresa, Susan Aronica, and Tom Mazur. “Management of Male Pseudohermaphroditism: A Case Report Spanning Twenty-One Years” (1 December 1990). Journal of Pediatric Psychology. Vol. 15, No. 6. pp. 699-709. Received 28 March 1988. Accepted 5 June 1989. DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/15.6.699 PMID: 2283575 Hughes, I. A., D. M. William, J. A. Batch, and M. N. Patterson. “Male Pseudohermaphroditism Clinical Management, Diagnosis and Treatment” (1992). Hormone Research. Vol. 38, No. S2. pp. 77-81. Published online 3 December 2008. DOI: 10.1159/000182604 PMID: 1292987 Kupfer, S. R., C. A. Quigley, and F. S. French. “Male pseudohermaphroditism” (October 1992). Seminars in Perinatology. Vol. 16, No. 5. pp. 319-31. PMID: 1485188 Packer, Michael G. “Surgical approach to male pseudohermaphroditism” (February 1993). European Journal of Pediatrics. Vol. 152, No. S2. pp. S91-2. DOI: 10.1007/BF02125449 PMID: 8339750 Farkas, A., D. Koulikov, and B. Chertin. “Masculinizing genitoplasty in male pseduohermaphroditism” (September 2004). Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews. Vol. 2, No. 1. pp. 15-20. PMID: 16429100 Boczkowski, Krzysztof. “Management and Treatment of Male Pseudohermaphrodites” in The Endocrine Function of the Human Testis (2013). Vol. 2. 1st Ed. Edited by V. H. T. James, M. Serio, and L. Martini. Academic Press. Published online 21 October 2013. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-380102-9.50019-6 Google Books: 01H0AgAAQBAJ ISBN-10: 148325898X ISBN-13: 9781483258980 pseudohermaphroditism, in reference to non-human animals Although hermaphrodite and hermaphroditism are often considered appropriate and scientifically accurate terminology when referring to non-human animals, “pseudohermaphrodite” and “pseudohermaphroditism” are usually not. However, a number of works are published using these terms in animal studies, which are included here for the sake of completeness and historicity. Please see individual differences of sex development for more up-to-date information for animal studies. … in mollusks (Mollusca) Jenner, Martha Garrett. “Pseudohermaphroditism in Ilyanassa obsoleta (Mollusca: Neogastropoda)” (28 September 1979). Science. Vol. 205, No. 4413. pp. 1407-9. DOI: 10.1126/science.472758 PMID: 472758 Avise, John C., Alan J. Power, and DeEtte Walker. “Genetic sex determination, gender identification and pseudohermaphroditism in the knobbed whelk, Busycon carica (Mollusca: Melongenidae)” (22 March 2004). Proceedings: Biological Sciences. Vol. 271, No. 1539. pp. 641-6. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2003.2533 PMCID: PMC1691630 PMID: 15156923 … in mammals (Mammalia) … in carnivores (Carnivora) Brodey, R. S., J. E. Martin, and D. G. Lee. “Male pseudohermaphroditism in a toy terrier” (November 1954). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Vol. 125, No. 932. pp. 368-70. PMID: 13201502 Edols, J. H. and G. S. Allan. “A Case of Male Pseudohermaphroditism in a Cocker Spaniel” (June 1968). Australian Veterinary Journal. Vol. 44, No. 6. pp. 287-90. DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1968.tb04985.x PMID: 5690592 Axelson, R. D. “Pseudohermaphroditism in a dog” (1 March 1978). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Vol. 172, No. 5. pp. 584-5. PMID: 632199 Weaver, A. D., M. J. Harvey, C. D. Munro, P. Rogerson, and M. McDonald. “Phenotypic intersex (female pseudohermaphroditism) in a dachshund dog” (8 September 1979). The Veterinary Record. Vol. 105, No. 10. pp. 230-2. DOI: 10.1136/vr.105.10.230 PMID: 552719 Olson, P. N., H. B. Seim, R. D. Park, J. L. Grandy, J. L. Freshman, and E. D. Carlson. “Female pseudohermaphroditism in three sibling greyhounds” (15 June 1989). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Vol. 194, No. 12. pp. 1747-9. PMID: 2753800 Bredal, W. P., S. I. Thoresen, A. Kvellestad, and K. Lindblad. “Male pseudohermaphroditism in a cat” (January 1997). Journal of Small Animal Practices. Vol. 38, No. 1. pp. 21-4. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1997.tb02981.x PMID: 9121130 Volpe, P., B. Izzo, G. P. Di Meo, A. Perucatti, and L. Iannuzzi. “Male pseudohermaphroditism in a dog: a clinical case” (29 April 2000). Veterinary Record. Vol. 146, No. 18. pp. 532-3. DOI: 10.1136/vr.146.18.532 PMID: 11321217 Weng, Qiang, Tetsuma Murase, Makoto Asano, and Toshio Tsubota. “Male Pseudohermaphroditism in a Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procynoides)” (June 2005). Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. Vol. 67, No. 6. pp. 603-5. DOI: 10.1292/jvms.67.603 PMID: 15997188 Wernham, B. G. J. and R. M. Jerram. “Male pseudohermaphroditism in a Labrador Retriever, and a review of mammalian sexual differentiation” (October 2006). New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 54, No. 5. pp. 248-52. Received 6 April 2006. Accepted 23 June 2006. Published online 18 February 2011. DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2006.36706 PMID: 17028664 Bigliardi, Enrico, Pietro Parma, Paolo Peressotti, Lisa De Lorenzi, Peter Wohlsein, Benedetta Passeri, Stefano Jottini, and Anna Maria Cantoni. “Clinical, genetic, and pathological features of male pseudohermaphroditism in dog” (21 January 2011). Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. Vol. 9. Art. 12. Received 5 September 2010. Accepted 21 January 2011. Published online 21 January 2011. DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-12 PMCID: PMC3036612 PMID: 21255434 Kim, Keon, Sang Ho Lee, Chang Ho Son, Sang Ik Park, and Chang Min Lee. “Male pseudohermaphroditism with os clitoris in three dogs” (November 2019). Journal of Veterinary Science. Vol. 20, No. 6. p. e59. Received 9 July 2019. Revised 20 August 2019. Accepted 20 August 2019. Published online 15 October 2019. DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e59 PMCID: PMC6883199 PMID: 31775186 … in non-human primates (Primates) Pasello-Legrand, F. and V. Mowat. “Two Cases of Spontaneous Pseudohermaphroditism in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)” (September – October 2004). Journal of Veterinary Medicine: A. Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine. Vol. 51, No. 7-8. pp. 344-7. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2004.00653.x PMID: 15533116 … in rodents (Rodentia) Stanley, Allan J., Laurence G. Gumbreck, John E. Allison, and Ronald B. Easley. “Part I. Male Pseudohermaphroditism in the Laboratory Norway Rat” (1973). Recent Progress in Hormone Research. Vol. 29. pp. 43-64. Published online 21 October 2013. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-571129-6.50005-1 PMID: 4750590 … in reptiles (Reptilia) … in turtles (Testudines) Crespo, Jose Luis, Daniel García-Párraga, Ignacio Giménez, Consuelo Rubio-Guerri, Mar Melero, José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno, Adolfo Marco, Jose A. Cuesta, and María Jesús Muñoz. “Two cases of pseudohermaphroditism in loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta” (3 September 2013). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. Vol. 105, No. 3. pp. 183-91. DOI: 10.3354/dao02622 PMID: 23999702 PSGV Transgendered Support psychical hermaphroditism See also: hermaphroditism. von Schrenck-Notzing, A. “Histories Illustrating Suggestive Therapeutics in Perversions of the Sexual Instinct” in Therapeutic Suggestion in Psychopathia Sexualis (Pathological Manifestations of the Sexual Sense), with Especial Reference to Contrary Sexual Instinct (1895). Written by A. von Schrenck-Notzing. Translated by Charles Gilbert Chaddock. The F. A. Davis Company. pp. 210-7. HathiTrust: 003848233 Howard, William Lee. “Psychical Hermaphroditism: A Few Notes on Sexual Perversion, with Two Clinical Cases of Sexual Inversion” (April 1897). The Alienist and Neurologist. Vol. 18, No. 2. pp. 111-8. psychoanalysis … and intersex people … and trans people Chiland, Colette. “The Psychoanalyst and the Transsexual Patient” (February 2000). The International Journal of Psychoanalysis. Vol. 81, No. 1. pp. 21-35. PMID: 10816842 Lemma, Alessandra. “Trans-itory identities: some psychoanalytic reflections on transgender identities” (October 2018). The International Journal of Psychoanalysis. Vol. 99, No. 5. pp. 1089-106. Published online 26 November 2018. DOI: 10.1080/00207578.2018.1489710 PMID: 33951791 Saketopoulou, Avgi. “Thinking psychoanalytically, thinking better: Reflections on transgender” (October 2020). The International Journal of Psychoanalysis. Vol. 101, No. 5. pp. 1019-30. Published online 28 October 2020. DOI: 10.1080/00207578.2020.1810884 Laufer, Laurie. “A Trans* Zapping of Psychoanalysis” (December 2021). Psychoanalytic Review. Vol. 108, No. 4. pp. 387-410. DOI: 10.1521/prev.2021.108.4.387 PMID: 34851706 Psychopathia sexualis von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1886). 1st Ed. von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1890). 5th Ed. Ferdinand Enke. HathiTrust: 100432078 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1892). 7th Ed. Translated by Charles Gilbert Chaddock. F. A. Davis Company. Google Books: VqP4MgEACAAJ HathiTrust: 008722600 OCLC: 876888943 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1893). 8th Ed. Ferdinand Enke. HathiTrust: 002089831 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1894). 7th Ed. Translated by Charles Gilbert Chaddock. F. A. Davis Company. von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1894). 9th Ed. Ferdinand Enke. HathiTrust: 006054596 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1895). 8th Ed. Translated by Émile Laurent and Sigismond Csapo. Georges Carré. von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1898). 10th Ed. Ferdinand Enke. HathiTrust: 007911633 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1899). 7th Ed. Translated by Charles Gilbert Chaddock. F. A. Davis Co. HathiTrust: 011682234 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1900). 10th Ed. Translated by F. J. Rebman. W. T. Keener & Co. HathiTrust: 008919796 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1903). 12th Ed. Ferdinand Enke. HathiTrust: 012503864 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1907). 13th Ed. Edited by Alfred Fuchs. Ferdinand Enke. HathiTrust: 100187604 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1924). 12th Ed. Translated by F. J. Rebman. Physicians and Surgeons Book Company. HathiTrust: 009923653 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1939). 12th Ed. Introduction and supplement by Victor Robinson. Pioneer Publications DOI: 10.1016/C2013-0-06569-3 HathiTrust: 007121739 ISBN-13: 9781483166629 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1965). 1st Ed. Translated by Harry E. Wedeck. Introduction by Ernest van den Haag. Putnam. HathiTrust: 001109871 Johnson, John. “‘Psychopathia Sexualis’” (February 1973). British Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 122, No. 567. pp. 211-8. Published online 29 January 2018. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.122.2.211 PMID: 4351727 von Krafft-Ebing, Richard. Psychopathia sexualis (1998). Translated by Franklin S. Klaf. Introduction by Joseph LoPiccolo. Foreword by Daniel Blain. Arcade Publishing. Google Books: nzr8Tw7xcsUC ISBN-10: 1559704268 ISBN-13: 9781559704267 psychopathia transexualis See also: transsexuals. Cauldwell, David Oliver. “Psychopathia transexualis” (December 1949). Sexology. Vol. 16, No. 5. pp. 274-80. psychosis … in intersex people … in trans people Hoenig, J., J. C. Kenna, and Ann Youd. “Social and Economic Aspects of Transsexualism” (August 1970). British Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 117, No. 537. pp. 163=72. Published online 29 January 2018. DOI: 10.1192/S0007125000192852 PMID: 5480670 O’Gorman, Ethna C. “The Effect of Psychosis on Gender Identity” (March 1980). British Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 136, No. 3. pp. 314-5. Published online 29 January 2018. DOI: 10.1017/S0007125000045621 PMID: 7388237 Faulk, M. “Psychosis in a transsexual” (February 1990). British Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 156, No. 2. pp. 285-6. Published online 2 January 2018. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.156.2.285c PMID: 2317639 PT See part time. puberty puberty-delaying hormone therapy See also: gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist puberty-delaying therapy. … for intersex people … for trans people Rew, Lynn, Cara C. Young, Maria Monge, and Roxanne Bogucka. “Review: Puberty blockers for transgender and gender diverse youth—a critical review of the literature” (February 2021). Child and Adolescent Mental Health. Vol. 26, No. 1. pp. 3-14. Published online 15 December 2020. DOI: 10.1111/camh.12437 PMID: 33320999 … for trans men Cohen-Kettenis, P. T. and S. H. M. van Goozen. “Pubertal delay as an aid in diagnosis and treatment of a transsexual adolescent” (December 1998). European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Vol. 7, No. 4. pp. 246-8. DOI: 10.1007/s007870050073 PMID: 9879847 de Vries, Annelou L. C., Jenifer K. McGuire, Thomas D. Steensma, Eva C. F. Wagenaar, Theo A. H. Doreleijers, and Peggy T. Cohen-Kettenis. “Young Adult Psychological Outcome After Puberty Suppression and Gender Reassignment” (October 2014). Pediatrics. Vol. 134, No. 4. pp. 696-704. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-2958 PMID: 25201798 de Vries, Annelou L. C., Thomas D. Steensma, Theo A. H. Doreleijers, and Peggy T. Cohen-Kettenis. “Puberty Suppression in Adolescents With Gender Identity Disorder: A Prospective Follow-Up Study” (August 2011). The Journal of Sexual Medicine. Vol. 8, No. 8. pp. 2276-83. Published online 16 December 2015. DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01943.x … for trans women de Vries, Annelou L. C., Jenifer K. McGuire, Thomas D. Steensma, Eva C. F. Wagenaar, Theo A. H. Doreleijers, and Peggy T. Cohen-Kettenis. “Young Adult Psychological Outcome After Puberty Suppression and Gender Reassignment” (October 2014). Pediatrics. Vol. 134, No. 4. pp. 696-704. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-2958 PMID: 25201798 de Vries, Annelou L. C., Thomas D. Steensma, Theo A. H. Doreleijers, and Peggy T. Cohen-Kettenis. “Puberty Suppression in Adolescents With Gender Identity Disorder: A Prospective Follow-Up Study” (August 2011). The Journal of Sexual Medicine. Vol. 8, No. 8. pp. 2276-83. Published online 16 December 2015. DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01943.x … for nonbinary people puberty inhibition See also: puberty-delaying hormone therapy. … for cisgender people … for cisgender people undergoing precocious puberty … for intersex people … for trans people Roen, Katrina. “The discursive and clinical production of trans youth: gender variant youth who seek puberty suppression” (2011). Psychology & Sexuality. Vol. 2, No. 1. pp. 58-68. Received 11 January 2010. Accepted 28 February 2010. Published online 13 January 2011. DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2011.536316 Kruekels, Baudewijntje P. C. and Peggy T. Cohen-Kettenis. “Puberty suppression in gender identity disorder: the Amsterdam experience” (1 August 2011). Nature Reviews Endocrinology. Vol. 7, No. 8. pp. 466-72. Published online 17 May 2011. DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2011.78 PMID: 21587245 de Vries, Annelou L. C., Thomas D. Steensma, Theo A. H. Doreleijers, and Peggy T. Cohen-Kettenis. “Puberty Suppression in Adolescents With Gender Identity Disorder: A Prospective Follow‐Up Study” (1 August 2011). The Journal of Sexual Medicine. Vol. 8, No. 8. pp. 2276-83. Published online 16 December 2015. DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01943.x PMID: 20646177 de Vries, Annelou, Jenifer K. McGuire, Thomas D. Steensma, Eva C. F. Wagenaar, Theo A. H. Doreleijers, and Peggy T. Cohen-Kettenis. “Young Adult Psychological Outcome After Puberty Suppression and Gender Reassignment” (1 October 2014). Pediatrics. Vol. 134, No. 4. pp. 696-704. Accepted 7 July 2014. Published online 8 September 2014. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-2958 PMID: 25201798 Costa, Rosalia, Polly Carmichael, and Marco Colizzi. “To treat or not to treat: puberty suppression in childhood-onset gender dysphoria” (August 2016). Nature Reviews Urology. Vol. 13. pp. 456-62. Published online 19 July 2016. DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2016.128 PMID: 27431339 Mahfouda, Simone, Julia K. Moore, Aris Siafarikas, Florian D. Zepf, and Ashleigh Lin. “Puberty suppression in transgender children and adolescents” (1 October 2017). The Lancet – Diabetes and Endocrinology. Vol. 5, No. 10. pp. 816-26. Published online 22 May 2017. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30099-2 PMID: 28546095 Panagiotakopoulos, Leonidas. “Transgender medicine - puberty suppression” (2018). Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. Vol. 19, No. 3. pp. 221-5. DOI: 10.1007/s11154-018-9457-0 PMID: 30112593 Fisher, Celia B. “Providing Puberty Suppression Treatment for Transgender Youth: What Constitutes Competence?” (July 2019). The American Journal of Bioethics. Vol. 19, No. 7. pp. 68-9. Published online 25 June 2019. DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2019.1618949 PMCID: PMC6746416 PMID: 31237500 Panagiotakopoulos, Leonidas, Veenod Chulani, Atsuko Koyama, Krista Childress, Michelle Forcier, Gwen Grimsby, and Katherine Greenberg. “The effect of early puberty suppression on treatment options and outcomes in transgender patients” (November 2020). Nature Reviews Urology. Vol. 17, No. 11. pp. 626-36. Published online 23 September 2020. DOI: 10.1038/s41585-020-0372-2 PMID: 32968238 van der Loos, Maria ATC, Ilse Hellinga, Mariska C. Vlot, Daniel T. Klink, Martin den Heijer, and Chantal M. Wiepjes. “Development of Hip Bone Geometry During Gender‐Affirming Hormone Therapy in Transgender Adolescents Resembles That of the Experienced Gender When Pubertal Suspension Is Started in Early Puberty” (May 2021). Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. Vol. 36, No. 5. pp. 931-41. Received 22 July 2020. Revised 21 January 2021. Accepted 24 January 2021. Published online 17 February 2021. DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4262 PMCID: PMC8247856 PMID: 33507568 … for trans men … for trans women … for nonbinary people Pang, Ken C., Lauren Notinin, Rosalind McDougall, Lynn Gillam, Julian Savulescu, Dominic Wilkinson, Beth A. Clark, Johanna Olson-Kennedy, Michelle M. Telfer, and John D. Lantos. “Long-term Puberty Suppression for a Nonbinary Teenager” (1 February 2020). Pediatrics. Vol. 145, No. 2. Art. e20191606. Accepted 28 May 2019. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-1606 PMID: 31974217 Notini, Lauren, Brian D. Earp, Lynn Gillam, Rosalind J. McDougall, Julian Savulescu, Michelle Telfer, and Ken C. Pang. “Forever young? The ethics of ongoing puberty suppression for non-binary adults” (November 2020). Journal of Medical Ethics. Vol. 46, No. 11. pp. 743-52. Received 9 December 2019. Revised 6 May 2020. Accepted 31 May 2020. Published online 24 July 2020. DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2019-106012 PMCID: PMC7656150 PMID: 32709753 Notini, Lauren, Ken C. Pang, Michelle Telfer, and Rosalind McDougall. “‘No One Stays Just on Blockers Forever’: Clinicians’ Divergent Views and Practices Regarding Puberty Suppression for Nonbinary Young People” (1 June 2021). Journal of Adolescent Health. Vol. 68, No. 6. pp. 1189-96. Received 1 June 2020. Accepted 18 September 2020. Published online 27 October 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.09.028 PMID: 33121900 Publick Universal Friend (29 November 1752 – 1 July 1819) Hudson, David. History of Jemima Wilkinson: A Preacheress of the Eighteenth Century” (1821). S. P. Hull. Google Books: 6cMntpKSEo8C Broomell, George D. “Jemima Wilkinson and her ‘Friend’s Society’” (7 July 1894). Friends’ Intelligencer and Journal. Vol. 51, No. 27. p. 419-20. Broomell, George D. “Jemima Wilkinson and her ‘Friend’s Society’” (14 July 1894). Friends’ Intelligencer and Journal. Vol. 51, No. 28. p. 436-8. St. John, Robert P. “Jemima Wilkinson” (April 1930). The Quarterly Journal of the New York State Historical Association. Vol. 11, No. 2. pp. 158-75. JSTOR: 43564472 ‘Mrs. Walter A. Henricks’ and Arnold J. Potter. “The Universal Friend: Jemima Wilkinson” (April 1942). New York History. Vol. 23, No. 2. pp. 159-65. JSTOR: 23135341 ‘Mrs. Walter A. Henricks’ “The Universal Friend (Jemima Wilkinson)” (February 1943). Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine. Vol. 77, No. 2. pp. 120-2. Marlin, Charles Lowell. “Jemima Wilkinson: Errant Quaker Divine” (Autumn 1963). Quaker History. Vol. 52, No. 2. pp. 90-4. JSTOR: 41946416 Juster, Susan. “‘Neither male nor female’: Jemima Wilkinson and the Politics of Gender in Post-Revolutionary America” in Possible Pasts: Becoming Colonial in Early America (2000). Edited by Robert Blair St. George. Cornell University Press. JSTOR: 10.7591/j.ctv1fxmmf.20 Martin, John H. “Jemima Wilkinson: Celibacy and the Communal Life” in Saints, Sinners and Reformers: The Burned-Over District Re-Visited (Autumn 2005). Wisbey, Herbert A. Jr. Pioneer Prophetess: Jemima Wilkinson, the Publick Universal Friend (2009). Cornell University Press. Google Books: nu_Kk0mwm00C ISBN-10: 0801475511 ISBN-13: 9780801475511 Larson, Scott. “‘Indescribable Being’: Theological Performances of Genderlessness in the Society of the Publick Universal Friend, 1776–1819” (Autumn 2014). Early American Studies. Vol. 12, No. 3. pp. 576-600. JSTOR: 24474871 Betcher, Sharon V. “‘The Second Descent of the Spirit of Life from God’: The Assumption of Jemima Wilkinson” in Gender and Apocalyptic Desire (18 December 2014). Edited by Brenda E. Brasher and Lee Quinby. Routledge. Google Books: -9bfBQAAQBAJ ISBN-10: 1317488873 ISBN-13: 9781317488873 Moyer, Paul B. The Public Universal Friend: Jemima Wilkinson and Religious Enthusiasm in Revolutionary America (18 November 2015). Cornell University Press. Google Books: oyJ6CgAAQBAJ ISBN-10: 1501701444 ISBN-13: 9781501701443 Schmidt, Samantha. “A genderless prophet drew hundreds of followers long before the age of nonbinary pronouns” (5 January 2020). The Washington Post. “Public Universal Friend” (5 March 2020). NPR. NPR. P.U.F. See Publick Universal Friend. Puff, Nat See Left at London. pulmonary embolism … in intersex people … in trans people … in trans men … in trans women Lehrman, Kenneth L. “Pulmonary Embolism in a Transsexual Man Taking Diethylstilbestrol” (2 February 1976). JAMA. Vol. 235, No. 5. pp. 532-3. DOI: 10.1001/jama.1976.03260310046024 PMID: 946104 … in nonbinary people purge Annie. “Annotated Glossary of Terms” (24 October 2000). [Defines ‘purge’ as a verb or noun meaning “[t]o attempt to suppress cross-gender identity or desires by discarding all items such as clothing, cosmetics, literature, and ceasing contact with the Community.”] Pustowójtówna, Anna Henryka (26 July 1838 – 2 May 1881) Putnam, Theo Trans man character in the television series Chilling Adventures of Sabrina.