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- Considerations for the care of transgender patients in orthopaedics and sports medicine: a narrative review.
| Language | Label | Description | Also known as |
|---|---|---|---|
| English | No label defined |
No description defined |
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Statements
Orthopaedic and sports medicine clinicians can improve outcomes for transgender patients by understanding the physiological effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). (English)
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. (English)
2024
This narrative review investigated the role of GAHT on bone mineral density, fracture risk, thromboembolic risk, cardiovascular health and ligament/tendon injury in this population. (English)
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. (English)
2024
A search from the PubMed database using relevant terms was performed. (English)
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. (English)
2024
Studies were included if they were levels 1-3 evidence. (English)
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. (English)
2024
Due to the paucity of studies on ligament and tendon injury risk in transgender patients, levels 1-3 evidence on the effects of sex hormones in cisgender patients as well as basic science studies were included for these two topics. (English)
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. (English)
2024
This review found that transgender patients on GAHT have an elevated fracture risk, but GAHT has beneficial effects on bone mineral density in transgender women. (English)
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. (English)
2024
Transgender women on GAHT also have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, stroke and myocardial infarction compared with cisgender women. (English)
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. (English)
2024
Despite these elevated risks, studies have found it is safe to continue GAHT perioperatively for both transgender women and men undergoing low-risk operations. (English)
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. (English)
2024
Orthopaedic and sports medicine clinicians should understand these unique health considerations for equitable patient care. (English)
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. (English)
2024
Madison (English)
Hayes-Lattin (English)
M
Laura M (English)
Krivicich (English)
LM
Jack T (English)
Bragg (English)
JT
Ashley (English)
Rogerson (English)
A
Matthew J (English)
Salzler (English)
MJ
9 September 2024
9 September 2024